Bubble Sort Algorithm: A Beginner's Guide to Sorting Array

In the world of algorithms, sorting stands as a fundamental pillar. Among the various sorting algorithms, Bubble Sort is a simple yet powerful technique for arranging elements in ascending or descending order within an array.

 In today's guide, we'll dive into the workings of Bubble Sort, its benefits, and how to implement it step by step thoroughly.

What is Bubble Sort?

Bubble Sort is a simple sorting algorithm that repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements, and swaps them if they are in the wrong order. This process continues until the entire list becomes sorted.

Due to its simplicity, Bubble Sort serves as an excellent starting point for understanding sorting algorithms.

let's Understand the Concept:

Imagine, one collection of unsorted elements. The aim of Bubble Sort is to 'bubble' the largest (or smallest, depending on the desired order) element to its correct position by continuously comparing and swapping adjacent elements.

 Through multiple passes over the array, the largest element gradually rises to the top.

Step-by-Step Implementation:

Start with an unsorted array of elements.

Begin iterating through the array from the first element to the second element and so on.

For each pair of adjacent elements, compare them.

If the elements are in the wrong order (e.g., the current element is greater than the next element in ascending order), swap them.

Continue this process until we reach to the end of the array.

Repeat steps 2-5 for multiple passes until the entire array becomes sorted.

Benefits of Bubble Sort:

Simplicity: Bubble Sort is easy to understand and implement, making it ideal for educational purposes and small-scale sorting tasks.

Minimal Space Complexity: Bubble Sort operates 'in-place,' meaning it doesn't require additional memory beyond the original array, leading to minimal space complexity.

Adaptive Nature: Bubble Sort can detect sorted portions of the array and optimize its performance accordingly, particularly for nearly sorted data sets.

Challenges and Limitations:

Inefficiency for Large Data Sets: While Bubble Sort performs adequately for small arrays, its time complexity of O(n^2) renders it inefficient for sorting large data sets.

Lack of Performance: Bubble Sort's simplistic nature leads to comparatively slower performance when compared to more advanced sorting algorithms such as Merge Sort or Quick Sort.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, Bubble Sort serves as an essential introduction to the world of sorting algorithms. Its intuitive nature and ease of implementation make it an excellent starting point for beginners. However, as data sets grow larger, more efficient algorithms become necessary. Nonetheless, mastering Bubble Sort provides valuable insights into the foundational principles of sorting.

Now we have the example of Bubble Sort algorithm in JavaScript. Here's now we explan of what each part of the code does:

function soll() {

    let unSortArr = [4, -1, 34, 9, -9, 103];

    for (let i = 0; i < unSortArr.length; i++) {

      for (let j = i + 1; j < unSortArr.length; j++) {

        let temp = unSortArr[i];

        if (temp > unSortArr[j]) {

          unSortArr[i] = unSortArr[j];

          unSortArr[j] = temp;

        }

      }

    }

    console.log(unSortArr, "now we got sorted array ");

  }

  soll();

EXPLANATION:

function soll() {

  let unSortArr = [4, -1, 34, 9, -9, 103];

function soll() { ... }: This defines a function named soll.

let unSortArr = [4, -1, 34, 9, -9, 103];: This creates an array called unSortArr containing some numbers. These numbers are not in sorted order, and the goal is to sort them using the Bubble Sort algorithm.

for (let i = 0; i < unSortArr.length; i++) {

    for (let j = i + 1; j < unSortArr.length; j++) {

for (let i = 0; i < unSortArr.length; i++) { ... }:

This is a loop that goes through each element of the array.

for (let j = i + 1; j < unSortArr.length; j++) { ... }: Inside the first loop, this is another loop that goes through each element starting from the next element after i.

let temp = unSortArr[i];

if (temp > unSortArr[j]) {

  unSortArr[i] = unSortArr[j];

  unSortArr[j] = temp;

}

}

}  

let temp = unSortArr[i];:
This line temporarily stores the value of the element at index i in the variable temp.

if (temp > unSortArr[j]) { ... }:
This checks if the element at index i is greater than the element at index j. If it is, it swaps their positions.

unSortArr[i] = unSortArr[j];
 This line swaps the values of the elements at indices i and j.

unSortArr[j] = temp;
 This line assigns the value stored in temp (which was the original value of the element at index i) to the element at index j.

  console.log(unSortArr, "now we got sorted array ");

}

soll();

console.log(unSortArr, "now we got sorted array ");
This line prints the sorted array to the console.

soll();
This line calls the soll function defined earlier, which triggers the sorting process.

In simple terms, the code repeatedly compares adjacent elements in the array and swaps them if they are in the wrong order, effectively sorting the array using the Bubble Sort algorithm.

 After sorting, we want to prints the sorted array to the console.